Everything about John Gorrie totally explained
John Gorrie, (
October 3,
1802 –
June 29,
1855) physician, scientist, inventor, and humanitarian, is considered the father of
refrigeration and
air conditioning. He was born on the Island of
Nevis to
Scottish parents on October 3, 1802, and spent his childhood in
South Carolina. He received his medical education at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the Western District of
New York in Fairfield,
New York. In 1833, he moved to
Apalachicola,
Florida, a port city on the
Gulf coast. As well as being resident physician at two hospitals, Gorrie was active in the community. At various times he served as a council member, Postmaster, President of the Bank of Pensacola's Apalachicola Branch, Secretary of the
Masonic Lodge, and was one of the founding vestrymen of Trinity Episcopal Church.
Dr. Gorrie's medical research involved the study of tropical diseases. At the time the
theory that bad air caused diseases was a prevalent hypothesis and based on this theory, he urged draining the swamps and the cooling of sickrooms. For this he cooled rooms with
ice in a basin suspended from the ceiling. Cool air, being heavier, flowed down across the patient and though an opening near the floor. Since ice had to be brought by boat from the northern lakes, Gorrie experimented with making artificial ice.
After
1845, he gave up his medical practice to pursue refrigeration projects. On May 6,
1851, Gorrie was granted
Patent No. 8080 for a machine to make ice. The original model of this machine and the scientific articles he wrote are at the
Smithsonian Institution. Impoverished, Gorrie sought to raise money to manufacture his machine, but the venture failed when his partner died. Humiliated by criticism, financially ruined, and his health broken, Gorrie died in seclusion on June 29, 1855. He is buried in Gorrie Square in Apalachicola.
Monuments and memorials
- In Apalachicola, Gorrie Square is named in his honor. The square contains his grave site, a monument, the John Gorrie Museum (External Link
), and the Apalachicola Municipal Library.
- The John Gorrie Bridge across Apalachicola Bay, connects Apalachicola with Eastpoint.
- In 1914, the state of Florida gave a statue of Gorrie to the National Statuary Hall Collection.
- John Gorrie Junior High School in Jacksonville, Florida and John Gorrie Elementary School in Tampa, Florida are named in his honor.
- The SS John Gorrie, a liberty ship, was named in his honor.
- The John Gorrie Award is awarded each year to a graduate of the University of Florida College of Medicine believed most likely to become a successful general practicioner.
Further Information
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